Interlinked Thematic Vocabulary Unit NÂș 283 Version 1
Main Definitions
- nationality 1 / national 1 |n| the status of belonging to a particular nation by birth or naturalization.
- "She is hoping to adopt Australian nationality."
- "Immigrants of the same nationality often seek each other out."
- nationality 2 / national 2 |n| people having common origins or traditions and often comprising aditions.
- "Such images define their sense of nationality."
- "The city is home to more than a hundred nationalities."
- nationality 3 / national 3 |n| an ethnic group forming a part of one or more political nations.
- "The college attracts students of all nationalities."
- "The pupils are of mixed nationality."
- nationality 4 / national 4 |n| a group of people with the same language, culture and history who form part of a political nation.
- "Kazakhstan alone contains more than a hundred nationalities."
- "He accused them of discrimination on the grounds of nationality."
- nationality 5 / national 5 |n| the legal right of belonging to a particular nation.
- "All applicants will be considered regardless of age, sex, religion or nationality."
- "Another limitation is that the right to employ senior personnel of any nationality is dependent on it being able to lawfully enter the host country."
- multinational 1 |adj| including or involving several countries or nationalities.
- "It may also participate in joint oil pollution response activities under the regional agreements and multinational exercises."
- multinational 2 |n| operating in several countries.
- "A multinational force is being sent to the trouble spot."
- "Marco works as a Business Consultant in a multinational company."
- "Identifying a country for investment in commercial reforestation (in the case of a multinational company).
- transnational 1 |adj| extending or operating across national boundaries.
- "Transnational advertising agencies."
- "Ministers recognized the need to cooperate to address the challenges brought about by transnational education."
- "Transnational terrorism is a truly global challenge."
- transnational 2 |n| a large company operating internationally.
- "Transnational corporations and other business enterprises shall not engage in trade that is known to lead to human rights or humanitarian law violations."
- "He noted that transnational corporations were at the heart of the globalization process, and that their investments influenced the allocation of productive resources."
Terms Related to Nationality
- ethnicity |n| the fact or state of belonging to a social group that has a common national or cultural tradition.
- "The interrelationship between gender, ethnicity, and class."
- "The diverse experience of women of different ethnicities."
- race |n| each of the major divisions of humankind, having distinct physical characteristics.
- "Historically, we tend to view the Vikings as a warlike race."
- "There is legislation against discrimination on the grounds of race or sex."
- tradition |n| the transmission of customs or beliefs from generation to generation, or the fact of being passed on in this way.
- "There's a tradition in our family that we have a party on New Year's Eve."
- "By tradition, ships are often referred to as ‘she’ in English."
- "Following in the Hitchcock tradition, he always appears in the films he directs."
- national symbol / symbol / patriotic symbol |n| a symbol of any entity considering itself and manifesting itself to the world as a national community, the sovereign states but also nations and countries in a state of colonial or other dependence, federal integration, or ethemven an ethnocultural community considered a 'nationality' despite having no political autonomy.
- "Mount Ararat is the Armenian National symbol."
- "The gesture shown here involved the throwing of maple leaves, Canada's national symbol."
- "The Obelisk is a large monument in the middle of Buenos Aires that serves as a national symbol."
Citizenship
- citizenship |n| someone who legally belongs to a particular country and has rights and responsibilities there, whether they are living there or not.
- "She's French by birth, but is now a British citizen."
- "Our job is to protect the citizens of Belfast and make it a safe city to live in."
- dual nationality |n| is a citizen of two countries.
- "She has dual nationality."
- "He has dual British and South African nationality."
- "He recently received the Spanish passport which grants him dual nationality."
- emigration |n| migration from a place (especially migration from your native country in order to settle in another).
- "My family emigrated from England to this country over two centuries ago."
- "They emigrated to this country from England."
- inmigration |n| the process of entering another country in order to live there permanently.
- "He called for a common European policy on immigration."
- "After the two years, the foreigner may apply for the Permanent Residence with the right to an indefinately inmigration card (does not have an expiration date)."
- "So while the economy and further prosperity is dependent on inmigration, society often fears its consequences."
- naturalization |n| the proceeding whereby a foreigner is granted citizenship.
- "No one expects the Baltic states to naturalise young Russian soldiers, but army pensioners can be given citizenship."
- "Therefore, they could not provide the copies of the materials related to her naturalization examination."
- "The author did not appeal this decision of the Naturalization Board."
- "These are a public awareness programme on citizenship and naturalization, and a free language training programme for naturalization candidates."
- naturalization papers |n| documents that prove a person has been made a citizen of a country.
- "They swore their allegiance to the USA and received their naturalization papers."
- "Alfred, an immigration lawyer, said he has come full circle: he has helped many people get their naturalization papers, and now it is his turn."
- "The general rule is you must be a legal resident for five years before you may file for naturalization.
The Border
- border district / borderland |n| district consisting of the area on either side of a border or boundary of a country or an area.
- "In January, they then began to assist the trainers in the training of all border patrol officers in their respective border district areas."
- "The other district centres and border centres are established in trafficking prone districts and borders."
- "Regarding this discussion, one of the proposed new border crossings at Morina (Tropoja District) was officially opened at the beginning of July 2001."
- border |n| the line that divides two countries or areas; the land near this line."
- "Brazil has a common border with most South American countries."
- "Ethiopia shares its longest border with Somalia."
- "He drove us right up to the Russian border."
- "Poland has a common border with Germany."
- "I live in a small town in the US, near the Canadian border."
- boundary 1 |n| a line determining the limits of an area.
- "The Commission has no authority to vary the boundary line."
- "The eastern boundary of Nagaland is the India-Myanmar border."
- "Ethiopia is upstream of all its trans-boundary rivers with more than 75% of the water resources flowing into neighbouring countries."
- boundary 2 |n| the line or plane indicating the limit or extent of something.
- "As no external funds were available, the women used to repair the forest boundary wall with voluntary labour."
- "The boundary is the point at which the unity of the system of laws and the unity of the institution are compromised."
- frontier |UK| |n| the line that separates two countries or areas; the land near this line.
- "The river formed the frontier between the land of the Saxons and that of the Danes."
- "This is a huge problem, particularly for the frontier workers who live in one EU country and work in another."
- "Syria has deployed troops along the border between the two countries in order to prevent fugitives from escaping across the frontier."
People
- alien |n| |formal| someone who is not a legal citizen of the country they are living or working in (used in official contexts).
- "Granting the refugee status to an alien."
- illegal alien |US| / illegal immigrant |US and UK| |n| someone who goes to live or work in another country when they do not have the legal right to do this.
- "Thousands of illegal immigrants cross the border every day."
- "Employers cannot hire illegal aliens."
- citizen 1 |n| a native or naturalized member of a state or other political community.
- "She's Italian by birth, but is now an Australian citizen."
- citizen 2 |n| a legally recognized subject or national of a state or commonwealth.
- "They are fighting for acceptance as full citizens of the country."
- "British citizens living in other parts of the European Union."
- inmigrant |n| a person who comes to live permanently in a foreign country.
- "Mexican immigrants seeking farm work."
- "Large numbers of illegal immigrants have found their way into the country."
- "Two thirds of legal immigrants to the country came from Europe and Canada."
- emigrant |n| a person who leaves their country to live in another.
- "My grandparents were Italian emigrants who settled in New York in the 1920s."
- national |n| national a citizen of a country who is living in another country."
- "She insisted that foreign nationals were safe in the country."
- "Russians nationals were ordered to leave."
- "Her husband is a French national."
- native |n| someone who was born in a particular country but moved to another country (used when describing a person or their life).
- "Picasso was a native of Spain, although he spent much of his life in France."
- resident |n| someone who lives in a particular street or area."
- "There have been complaints by local residents about the building work."
- "She was a resident of Chicago for many years."
- subject |n| someone who was born in a country that has a king or queen, and has a right to live there.
- "Northern Ireland citizens are British subjects."
Foreigners
- foreigner |n| a person born in or coming from a foreign country. Informal: a stranger or outsider.
- "It will soon be impossible for foreigners to enter the country."
- " I can't speak a word of French so everyone can tell I'm a foreigner as soon as I arrive in France."
- people from other countries |n| the word foreigner can sound negative and not very friendly. In everyday English, people often say people from other countries:
- "I like meeting people from other countries."
- outsider |n| a person who is not liked or accepted as a member of a particular group, organization or society and who feels different from those people who are accepted as members.
- "As a child he was very much an outsider, never participating in the games other children played."
- stranger |n| a stranger in a particular place is someone who has never been there before.
- "Do you know the way to St Peter's church or are you a stranger here too?"
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